"In a hundred years of movies, homosexuality has only rarely been depicted on the screen. When it did appear, it was there as something to laugh at—or something to pity—or even something to fear. These were fleeting images, but they were unforgettable, and they left a lasting legacy. Hollywood, that great maker of myths, taught straight people what to think about gay people … and gay people what to think about themselves." Vito Russo

Vito Russo wrote a book called The Celluloid Closet which demonstrates a history of homophobia in movies.

1890s to the 1930s
- often presented in movies as an object of ridicule and laughter
- homosexual character, sissy, was a source of amusement and reassurance for the audience

1930s to the 1950s
- Religious and women’s groups criticized Hollywood films for contributing to immorality
- The movie industry introduced a self-censorship code that affected the portrayal of homosexuality
- Homosexuality was suggested through a character’s mannerisms and behavior

1960s and 1970s
- The code was loosened as we saw the women’s and gay rights movement
- Gays and lesbians are becoming more visible and vocal in public life
- Homosexual representation in films became even more homophobic
- Gay characters were often represented as dangerous, violent, or murderous

1990s
- Hollywood has improved its portrayal of gay and lesbian characters
- Movies such as The Birdcage and Philadelphia are popular, but critics believe the movie industry is still too cautious in its portrayal of gay themes, characters, and experiences.
- Producers fear that focusing on gay and lesbian themes risk offending a majority of the audience, especially potential investors.